Taiwan's Legal Status: An Overview of the San Francisco Peace Treaty

台灣的法律地位:舊金山和平條約概觀

Article VI of the U.S. Constitution provides that:

美國憲法第六條規定:

This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land . . . . .
本憲法和根據本憲法所制定的合眾國法律,以及根據合眾國的權力已締結或將締結的一切條約,皆為全國的最高法律…..

SFPT: Article 21 and Annotations

舊金山和約:第二十一條和注釋

Article 21
第二十一條
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 25 of the present Treaty, China shall be entitled to the benefits of Articles 10 and 14(a)2; and Korea to the benefits of Articles 2, 4, 9 and 12 of the present Treaty.
中國與朝鮮不受本和約第25條規定之所限,中國應享有本和約第10條與第14條之權益,朝鮮則享有本和約第2條、第4條、第9條與第12條之權益。

ANNOTATIONS to Article 21
第二十一條注解
The Republic of China was not a signatory to the SFPT, and therefore cannot claim any rights, benefits, interest, etc. from the treaty (unless specifically stated therein).
中華民國不是舊金山和約的簽約國,因此,不能從條約中主張任何權利、好處、利益,等等(除非在其中有特別規定)。

Under the terms of Article 2(b) it is clear that Japan has renounced all rights over Taiwan, but no "receiving country" was specified. Article 21 specifies the benefits that China is to receive from the treaty, which are primarily in regard to the geographic delineation of certain territory in mainland China, and war reparations. Significantly, Article 21 makes no mention of Taiwan.
根據第2條(b),很清楚地,日本宣佈放棄所有對台灣的權利,但未指定「收受國」。而第21條則指定中國可以從條約中收受的好處。那主要是關於在中國大陸的某些領土上的地理劃分以及戰爭賠償。很顯然地,條約第21條沒有提到台灣。

Accordingly, it is important to read Articles 2(b) and 21 together, in order to understand the full import of the treaty's specifications, and to clearly understand that Taiwan was not awarded to China (either the PRC or the ROC).
因此,為了理解和約條款的全部含義,把條約第2條(b)及第21條一起讀是很重要的,也才能清楚瞭解台灣並沒有授予中國(無論是中華人民共和國還是中華民國)。

It is also important to recognize that as non-signatories to the SFPT, neither the ROC nor the PRC are included in the meaning of the term "Allied Powers." Such a determination arises directly from SFPT Article 25.
同樣重要的是要認清中華民國和中華人民共和國皆非SFPT之簽約國,皆未被包括在「同盟國」一詞的涵義中。這個決定在本合約之第25條就直接指出了。


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